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====== Printing ======

Printing is provided in two different ways:

  * For machines connected to the network via **cable**, print queues are provided by the //CUPS// server ''cups.matfys.lth.se''. Machines should connect to it to print. 
    * **Clusters** and **Workstations** are automatically connected to all the printers served by it. **No installation is needed.**
    * Laptops with cable connection might **install the printers** [[#Installation if connected via ethernet cable| following these instructions]]

  * For machines connected to the network via **wireless**, one must connect **directly** to each printer and configure it.
    * [[#Installation_if_connected_via_Wireless|Click here for installation instructions]]

===== About the available printers =====

The following print queues are available from the Linux computers:

^ Printer Name ^ Duplex ^ Colour ^ Paper size ^	Location            ^ Notes                                ^ hostname ^
^ printer      | Yes    | No     | A4         | Matfys printer room | Can only be used from ethernet cable | printer.matfys.lth.se |
^ copy-n       | Yes    | Yes    | A4/A3      | Matfys copy room    | Should only be used by N-fak members | copy.matfys.lth.se |
^ copy-t       | Yes    | Yes    | A4/A3      | Matfys copy room    | Should only be used by LTH members   | copy.matfys.lth.se |


The printer ''printer'' is the **default** printer. It will be used if no printer is specified.


===== How to print =====

==== Workstations and Clusters ====

=== Using a graphical interface ===

Nowadays most of printing from workstations can be done via graphical tools.
The KDE environment provides its own intuitive tools, so these will not be described here.

=== Using the command line ===

On clusters and servers this might not be straightforward. Therefore the following command line instructions apply.

== List available printers ===

  lpstat -a

<code>pflorido@myon:~$ lpstat -a
copy-n accepting requests since tor  6 feb 2014 15.55.56
copy-t accepting requests since tor  6 feb 2014 16.45.47
cp4525dn accepting requests since tis  4 feb 2014 11.33.28
maria accepting requests since tor 30 maj 2013 19.24.17
oldprinter accepting requests since tor 16 jan 2014 11.22.35
print2 accepting requests since tor  6 feb 2014 16.10.01
printer accepting requests since tor  6 feb 2014 17.17.13</code>

== Standard usages ==
To print a document "file.ps" to the default printer, use

  lpr file.ps

To print to another printer (newprinter in this example) use

  lpr -P newprinter file.ps

To see what is in the print queue

  lpq
  lpq -P copy-t

To remove all your printouts from the queue

  lprm -
  lprm - -P newprinter

== Duplex/simplex ==
Printers that are able to print duplex, do that by default, and are flipping the page along the long edge.
To print in simplex (only on one side of the paper)

  lpr -o sides=one-sided file.ps

To print on both sides and flip along the short edge

  lpr -o sides=two-sided-short-edge file.ps

To print on both sides and flip along the long edge (default)

  lpr -o sides=two-sided-long-edge file.ps

== Print only selected pages ==

  lpr -o page-ranges=4 file.ps
  lpr -o page-ranges=1-8 file.ps
  lpr -o page-ranges=1,3,6 file.ps

== Pretty printing ==

  lpr -p file.ps
or
  lpr -o prettyprint file.ps

Specifies that the file should be formatted with a shaded header with the date, time, job name, and page number. This option is only useful when printing text files.

== Print more on each paper ==
To print two pages on each side of the paper

  lpr -o number-up=2 file.ps

And to get in even more on the paper

  lpr -o number-up=4 file.ps

You can also use 8 and 16. But can you read it?

== Rotate ==
To rotate the page 90 degrees and print it in landscape orientation

  lpr -o landscape file.ps

In most cases it is better to create the file in landscape orientation.

== Mirroring ==

  lpr -o mirror file.ps

Might be useful if you want to print something that Leonardo D. has written.
Combining options
You can combine the options, like in the following example

  lpr -P newprinter -o prettyprint -o number-up=2 file.ps

== Other useful utilities ==
ps2ps can do a lot of tricks on a postscript-file. It is used in the background of the printing system to handle many of the options above, but can be used directly on a file. ps2ps can sometimes be used to "clean up" ps or eps files originating from other systems.
psbook is useful to rearrange the pages in a ps-file in such a way that when printed, you can fold the papers around the middle, and you have got a book. Or at least a booklet. Se man psbook for more information.
gv or ghostview, is the number one program to check a ps-file before printing it. It can save many trees



==== To print to the Copier Canon C5255i ====

:!: The copier can only operate with **codes**. The codes depend on the faculty you belong. 
Please use only the one that you're given by Katarina.

If you don't know the code, contact Katarina.

=== Linux Workstations and Clusters ===

If you're sitting in a workstation or using cluster, **you do not need the code**.

Simply select the print queue according to this table:

The following copier queues should be used on **workstations**:

^ Use this queue...  ^ ... if you belong to   ^ 
| **copy-n**             | N-fak                  | 
| **copy-t**             | LTH                    |

|:!:| **If the queue you're using doesn't work, please contact me. You are kindly requested not
to use a queue you're not supposed to.** |:!:|



FIXME If you experience problems printing from KDE or command line, follow these instructions:

== Kde: ==
For some reason KDE incorrectly writes the options for this printer. This is a KDE bug against Canon drivers.

  - Edit the following file: <code>~/.cups/lpoptions</code>
  - If there is a line regarding ''copy-t'' or ''copy-n'', remove that line. Sample correct file is as follows:<file>
Default printer
</file>
  - If you want to specify custom options for the printer, set them in KDE, but then check the content of ''lpotions'' again, it should be something like:<file>
Dest copy-n UserID=None UserPassword=None
Dest copy-t ColourModel=Colour UserID=None UserPassword=None
Default printer
</file>

== Commandline: ==

To pass the codes to the print queue (should not be needed after you do the
KDE thing above, but in any case):

''lpr -o UserID=<code> -o UserPassword=<code> -Pcopy-t yourfile''

It seems the driver for this printer is different than the previous one
and KDE always tries to fallback to some weird default.

----

==== To check the print server status ====

On the Linux system the printing is handled by a central print-spooler. The spooler queues, format (if necessary) and send the file to the printer. The spooler is in our case called cups.
In the normal case the file you want to print should be a postscript-file.

It is possible to print files that are not in postscript. One typical format is "text", but even a lot of other formats is possible. The spooler takes care of the file, and try to do its best to convert it to postscript before it is sent to the printer. However, in most cases, I recommend that you convert the files to postscript yourself.

The print server status can only be seen when connected via **cable**.

Click this link: http://cups.matfys.lth.se:631/

----
===== Installation =====

Check if you're connected via cable or wireless. Installation 
instructions are completely different.

==== Installation if connected via ethernet cable ====

**Linux laptops** and **Apple or Windows machines** would need to install all the printers manually.

=== GNU/Linux ===

Get to the Matfys print room and note the printer names. You will need those later.

There are four ways of installing the drivers:

== 1) Safe and Tedious (recommended) ==
Root privileges: not needed

use your printer system configurator to add the printer. It may vary depending on distributions.

When asked for the printer, choose to add a **network printer** and type in the URL:

  ipp://cups.matfys.lth.se:631/printers/<printername>
  
e.g.

  ipp://cups.matfys.lth.se:631/printers/printer
  
Repeat the above for each printer you want to add.

This should not require drivers, as they are provided by the CUPS server.

Test with ''lpstat -a'', you should see the list of configured printers.

== 2) Quick and Advanced (recommended for experts) ==
Root privileges: needed

The printers can be added directly to the current cups configuration using a configuration file.
:!: **Be careful**: backup ''/etc/cups/printers.conf'' before you proceed.

Follow these steps:
  - become root and shut down cups (may vary depending on distribution): <code>sudo service cups stop</code> 
  - download this file (sorry I didn't have the time to craft this yet... stay tuned)
  - merge or add the contents of the file at the end of your ''/etc/cups/printers.conf'' file and save.
  - restart cups <code>sudo service cups start</code>
  - test with ''lpstat -a'', you should see the list of configured printers.

== 3) Hackish and Fastest ==
Root privileges: needed

:!: This solution might prevent you to use printers outside Matfys. Use it only if you know where to put your hands.

Follow these steps:

  - become root and shut down cups (may vary depending on distribution): <code>sudo service cups stop</code> 
  - add this line to ''/etc/cups/client.conf'' (create it if it doesn't exist): <code>ServerName cups.matfys.lth.se</code>
  - test with ''lpstat -a'', you should see the list of all configured printers.

If you use this, remember to comment out the ServerName line in client.conf and restart cups if you travel to a  location outside Matfys.

== 4) Evil and Time-consuming ==
Root privileges: might be needed if you need to install new drivers

:?: Why is this evil? because this bypasses the print server. That means that is more likely to jam the print queue in the printer itself (will need a restart) and jam the printer itself if the driver is misconfigured (hopefully a restart will be enough LOL). Use at your own risk.

Install the printer drivers yourself, and then install the printer by getting its network address.

This may vary depending on the printer vendor, and Linux may or may not have the drivers.

In short, all you need to do is to provide the hostname of the printer. In most cases it will work if you use

  socket://<printer FQDN>:9100
or
  http://<printer FQDN>
  
e.g.

  socket://printer.matfys.lth.se:9100
  http://printer.matfys.lth.se

=== Windows ===

I will write them when I have time. For the moment being, the only thing I can suggest is:

  - Go to Printers and Faxes and add a new printer
  - When asked for a new printer, select network printer (TCP/IP)
  - Add the printer this way: <code>http://cups.matfys.lth.se:631/printers/printername</code> e.g. <code>http://cups.matfys.lth.se:631/printers/printer</code>
  - You will be asked for drivers. If you're lucky, they're on Windows Update, if you're not, find them yourself by looking at the vendor's website.
  - When the drivers have been installed, you should be able to use the printer.

=== MacOS X ===

No idea. OSX uses the same CUPS system as linux ,so I guess it's easy. If anybody wants to write this, contact me.

----

==== Installation if connected via Wireless ====

:!: **NOTE:** it is NOT possible to install ''printer.matfys.lth.se'' via wireless. :!:

The best is to book a time with me if you need to install.

If you really want to do yourself:

Root privileges: might be needed if you need to install new drivers

Install the printer drivers yourself, and then install the printer by using its hostname.
When choosing the printer driver, I suggest either PS or PCL. The result may vary depending on the printer.

This may vary depending on the printer vendor, and Linux may or may not have the drivers.
A list of tested working drivers is provided [[#Drivers|here]]

All you need to do is to provide the hostname of the printer. In most cases it will work if you use

  socket://<printer FQDN>:9100
or
  http://<printer FQDN>
  
e.g.

  socket://copy.matfys.lth.se:9100
  http://copy.matfys.lth.se


----

===== Drivers ===== 

==== HP Laserjet 600 M601 black and white ====

Hostnames: ''printer.matfys.lth.se''

:!: NOTE: This printer can ONLY work if connected to the **cable** network. :!:

  * For **MS Windows**: [[http://h20566.www2.hp.com/portal/site/hpsc/template.PAGE/public/psi/swdDetails/?sp4ts.oid=5036601&spf_p.tpst=swdMain&spf_p.prp_swdMain=wsrp-navigationalState%3Didx%253D%257CswItem%253Dlj_98928_2%257CswEnvOID%253D4063%257CitemLocale%253D%257CswLang%253D%257Cmode%253D%257Caction%253DdriverDocument&javax.portlet.begCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken&javax.portlet.endCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken|HP page]], click the "Download" button.
  * For **GNU/Linux**: Drivers should be in the distribution repositories, but if not, follow the instructions here: [[http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/gethplip.html|HPLIP driver]]
  * For **Mac OS X** [[http://h20566.www2.hp.com/portal/site/hpsc/template.PAGE/public/psi/swdDetails/?sp4ts.oid=5036601&spf_p.tpst=swdMain&spf_p.prp_swdMain=wsrp-navigationalState%3Didx%253D%257CswItem%253Dlj_126116_2%257CswEnvOID%253D4159%257CitemLocale%253D%257CswLang%253D8%257Cmode%253D%257Caction%253DdriverDocument&javax.portlet.begCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken&javax.portlet.endCacheTok=com.vignette.cachetoken|HP page]]

==== Copier Canon C5255i ====

:!: Note: you can only print on this printer if you have a code. Read more [[#to_print_to_the_copier_canon_c5255i|here]] :!:

Hostname: ''copy.matfys.lth.se''

One must accept the license to load these drivers.

  * For **MS Windows**: http://files.canon-europe.com/files/soft44716/software/o141h1en_w_pcl2110_32_64.exe
  * For **GNU/Linux**: CQue driver version 2.0.6, should be in your distribution repositories. If not, get if from [[http://software.canon-europe.com/products/0011101.asp | Canon website]]
  * For **Mac OS X**:
    * Canon UFR II proprietary driver, should suit most of needs:
      * http://software.canon-europe.com/software/0044814.asp?model=
    * These other drivers you might want to try if unsuccessful with the above or willing to install some other specific functionality:
      * Fax: http://software.canon-europe.com/software/0044789_0011101.asp?model=
      * PS driver: http://software.canon-europe.com/software/0044055_0011101.asp?model=
      * PS driver (office): http://software.canon-europe.com/software/0044800_0011101.asp?model= Not sure how this one differs from the above.
==== Multifunction Canon iSENSYS MFC 8540C ====

Hostname: ''newprinter.matfys.lth.se''

  * **MS Windows 32 bit**: [[http://www.canon.se/Support/Consumer_Products/products/Fax__Multifunctionals/Laser/LaserBase_MF_series/i-SENSYS_MF8540Cdn.aspx?DLtcmuri=tcm:87-1102085&page=1&type=download | Canon Website]]
  * **MS Windows 64 bit**: [[http://www.canon.se/Support/Consumer_Products/products/Fax__Multifunctionals/Laser/LaserBase_MF_series/i-SENSYS_MF8540Cdn.aspx?DLtcmuri=tcm:87-1102085&page=1&type=download | Canon Website]]
  * **MAC OS X**: Has been reported to work with the **default PCL driver**.
  * **GNU/Linux**: [[http://www.canon.se/Support/Consumer_Products/products/Fax__Multifunctionals/Laser/LaserBase_MF_series/i-SENSYS_MF8540Cdn.aspx?DLtcmuri=tcm:87-1072447&page=1&type=download |Canon Website]]


> :?:  Is my Windows 32 or 64 bits?
>> :!: [[http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/32-bit-and-64-bit-windows#1TC=windows-7 |Check Microsoft Knowledge Base here ]]
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