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====== Better SSH experience ======

This page contains some suggestions on how to improve your SSH experience.

===== Speedup connection with the ssh config file =====

One can speedup logging in by configuring her/his own ssh client. This will also help in scp-ing data to the cluster.

The configuration example below shows how you can access a machine through another machine with a single ssh command. The scenario is as follows:

   User  --->  machine hostA.matfys.lth.se  ---->  machine hostB.matfys.lth.se ----> machine hostC.matfys.lth.se

And you want to use one single command to login to B or C.

<code>
# access hostA.matfys.lth.se
Host hostA
HostName hostA.matfys.lth.se
User <username on hostA.matfys.lth.se>
ForwardX11 yes

# directly access hostB.matfys.lth.se
Host hostB
User <Username on hostA.matfys.lth.se>
ForwardX11 yes
# Use this command if A uses Openssh server version < 5.4.
# It requires the program netcat (nc) to be installed on the
# hostA.matfys.lth.se machine.
ProxyCommand ssh -q hostA.matfys.lth.se nc hostB.matfys.lth.se 22

# directly access hostC.matfys.lth.se
Host hostC
User <Username on hostC.matfys.lth.se>
ForwardX11 yes
# Use this command if hostB.matfys.lth.se uses Openssh server version >= 5.4,
# that has native support for tunnelling ssh connections.
ProxyCommand ssh -q hostB.matfys.lth.se -W hostC.matfys.lth.se:22
</code>

**Example:** My user is //florido//. In the template above, I would change all the <Username …> to //florido//.

then to login to hostB.matfys.lth.se I will do:

ssh hostB

And I will have to input 2 passwords: one for hostA.matfys.lth.se, one for hostB.matfys.lth.se.

In general you will have to input as many passwords as the number of hops. To overcome this problem, use a [[#Reduce passwords using a private/public ssh key pair|private/public ssh keypair]] technique described below.

===== Reduce passwords using a private/public ssh key pair =====
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