Global Charge Conservation

If charge is globally conserved, there are no fluctuations when $p_a$=1, since all particles are detected. Figure 3.2 shows that $v(Q)$ decreases from 1 to 0 with increasing acceptance. As long as $\varepsilon=0$, $v(Q)$ and $\Gamma$ are equal. The differing term $\varepsilon^2 v(n_{ch})$ from equations (3.15) and (3.28) appears at small acceptances in the simulations, where - by construction - $v(n_{ch})$ is largest.

Figure 3.2: Global charge conservation makes the fluctuations decrease with acceptance.

With a total multiplicity of 1 000 particles, $\nu_{dyn}=-0.004/(1-\varepsilon^2)$, which can be seen in (3.31).